Potential of sucrose and Pennisetum purpureum cv. Cameroon mulch on the management of Meloidogyne javanica and M. incognita

Os efeitos da sacarose sobre a motilidade e a infectividade de juvenis de Meloidogyne javanica foram avaliados em condições de laboratório e casa-de-vegetação, usando açúcar mascavo e açúcar cristal. Os resultados indicaram que as soluções de açúcar mascavo e cristal reduziram a motilidade e promoveram alterações morfológicas em juvenis dos nematóides in vitro. A eficiência da sacarose em grânulos e da sacarose em solução, com e sem a cobertura com matéria vegetal de capim elefante, na redução da reprodução e da população final de M. incognita raça 2 também foi avaliada. A sacarose em grânulos diminuiu os números de galhas e massas de ovos por sistema radicular e também de juvenis no solo. Para o ensaio com sacarose em solução, os melhores resultados para a redução da reprodução foram obtidos com a dose de 300 g de sacarose por litro de solo, aplicada a intervalos de sete dias, juntamente com a cobertura do solo com cobertura de matéria verde de capim-elefante.

Comparison between the SPD and the SPDS methods for segregating generation advancement in soybean

The purpose of this work was to compare the SPD (Single Pod Descent) and SPDS (Single Pod Descent with Selection) methods for segregating generation advancement in soybean breeding. Sixteen populations derived from crosses among Japanese and adapted Brazilian soybean were used. The traits, number of days to flowering (NDF) and to maturity (NDM), plant height at flowering (PHF) and at maturity (PHM), and individual plant yield (IPY) were assessed. The populations obtained by SPDS showed values close to the variation in the populations obtained by SPD. Regression through the origin showed that both methods were equivalent for NDM in the F3 generation and for NDF in the F4 generation. For all other trait/generation combinations, SPDS yielded superior means. Therefore, it was preferable to use SPDS because it allowed the advance of generations with smaller population size

Strains of lentinula edodes suppress growth of phytopathogenic fungi and inhibit Alagoas serotype of vesicular stomatitis virus

Four Lentinula edodes strains (Le10, 46, K2, Assai) were assessed for their antagonistic effect on four filamentous fungus species of agricultural importance (Helminthosporium euphorbiae, Helminthosporium sp, Fusarium solani and Phomopsis sojae) and on Alagoas serotype of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSA). The L. edodes strains studied had variable effects on the filamentous fungi and on VSA. The K2 and Le10 strains were antagonistic on the fungi assessed and the 46 and K2 strains were efficient on the Vesicular Stomatitis Virus. The results widened the list of beneficial effects of L. edodes on the control and prevention of animal pathogenic virus and filamentous fungi.